Alexanders

Flower: Yellow-green umbel. Fruit: Globular, ridged, turning black on ripening. Leaves: Yellowish-green bluntly toothed, divided and glossy.

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Sweet Alison

Flower: White, occasionally pale purple, 5-6mm, 4 petals. Fruit: Flattened, oval seed pods bearing two seeds each. Leaves: Narrow, greyish-green, untoothed and lanceolate, usually having many whitish-silvery hairs.

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Cultivated Apple

Flower: Pinkish white in small clusters, 5 petals. Fruit: Large, fleshy and round. Can be green, yellow, pink, red or purple. Leaves: Deciduous, simple leaves growing alternate along the branches, serrated margins.

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Wood Avens

Flower: The long stalked, star-shaped flowers appear in loose clusters and are up to 2 cm across in diameter. The sepals turn downwards as the fruit forms. The flowers are similar in appearance to those of St... Fruit: Hooked fruit forming a bur-like head, bronze-tipped. Leaves: The leaves are unstalked. The lower ones are pinnate with the terminal leaflet being much the largest. Stem leaves are smaller and trefoil.

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Red Bartsia

Flower: Pink-purple one-sided flower spike, lower lip of flowers are 3-lobed. Fruit: Hairy capsules. Seeds are ridged and oval. Leaves: Narrow and hairy opposite leaves which are also lanceolate and toothed.

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Bearsbreech

Flower: Tall spike of white flowers with purple veins. Fruit: An ovoid capsule which contains 2-4 black seeds. Leaves: Glossy green leaves, growing up to 60cm in length. The leaves are also pinnate with deep lobes, pointed but not spiny. A similar species called Spiny Bearsbreech (Acanthus spinosus) exists but is more...

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Hedge Bedstraw

Flower: Small clusters of white flowers which are pointed, 2-5mm. 4 stamens. Fruit: Small, wrinked nutlets. No bristles present. Leaves: 6 to 8 stalked leaves in whorls. Elliptical, untoothed and pointed with a small bristles at the tips.

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Field Bindweed

Flower: Pink with 5 white stripes, up to 2.5cm, trumpet-shaped. Fruit: An oval or roundish capsule containing 2 seeds, but sometimes 1-4. Leaves: Stalked, arrow-shaped, alternate, sharp-tipped and hairs are sparse.

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Hairy Bindweed

Flower: Pink with 5 distinct white stripes, up to 7cm, trumpet-shaped. Fruit: 1 to 4 seeded egg-shaped capsules. Leaves: Pointed and usually arrow-shaped. Leaf stalks are either glabrous or slightly hairy.

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Hedge Bindweed

Flower: Usually pure white but occasionally pink with 5 white stripes, up to 6cm, trumpet-shaped. Sepals often purple tinged and only half-covered by two large bracts. Often hybridizes with Hedge Bindweed mak... Fruit: A capsule which contains 1 to 4 seeds, rarely more than 1cm long. Leaves: Long stalked, arrow-shaped leaves and sharp-tipped, not hairy. The bases of the leaves have angled lobes.

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Large Bindweed

Flower: White but occasionally pale pink with 5 white stripes, up to 9cm, trumpet-shaped. Bracts completely covering the sepals unlike Hedge Bindweed, however Large Bindweed often hybridizes with Hedge Bindwe... Fruit: Light brown capsules, usually containing 2 seeds. Leaves: Arrow-shaped with a sharp tip, alternate and long-stalked. The bases of the leaves have V-shaped angular lobes.

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Amphibious Bistort

Flower: Pink compact spike, 5 petals. Fruit: Dark brown to black, round, flattened achene. Leaves: The alternate leaves are short-stalked and with tapered bases. The leaf blades are long, narrow, hairy and sometimes tinged red. The submerged leaves are slightly different; they are hairless, have ro...

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Hairy Bittercress

Flower: Tiny and forming clusters at the top. 4 white petals with 4 yellow stamens. Counting the number of stamens is perhaps the most reliable way to distinguish this flower from the almost identical Wavy Bi... Fruit: Long and slender seed pods that split open when ripe. Leaves: Basal rosette, anything up to 9 inches long. Compound leaves with alternate leaflets that have one leaf per node along the main upright stem. The leaves persist throughout the winter months.

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Borage

Flower: 5 narrow bright blue petals that are pointed and borne in clusters. Fruit: The fruit is composed of dark brown or black nutlets in groups of 4. The nutlets are ridged. Leaves: Dark green, prickly, pointed, oval and wavy-edged. The leaves are covered in a fine white bristle which can sometimes give the plant a woolly or silvery appearance.

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Bramble

Flower: 5 petals of white or pink, sepals down-turned in fruit, 3cm wide. Fruit: The berries are commonly known as 'blackberries'. Dark purple to black aggregated seeded drupelets. Leaves: Compound leaves, 3 -7 toothed leaflets.

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Willow-leaved Bridewort

Flower: Compact rosy-pink spike, each flower having 5 petals. Fruit: The flowers turn brown and develop into many seeded dry fruit. Leaves: Deciduous shrub. The leaves are alternate, narrow, oval, slightly toothed, blunt-tipped and slightly hairy.

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Knotroot Bristlegrass

Flower: Compact green spike reaching a maximum of 10cm in length, each spikelet is surrounded by yellowish-purple bristles. Flowers in my opinion look like hairy caterpillars. Fruit: Oval seeds in autumn and early winter. Leaves: The stiff, flat leaf blades are up to 25cm long and no wider than 1cm.

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Common Broom

Flower: Rich yellow, pea-like flowers scattered up the stem, up to 2cm wide and occasionally tinged red. Fruit: Flattened brownish-black pods with hairy edges, up to 4cm long. Leaves: Deciduous. All leaves are minute. The leaves at the bottom of the branches are trefoil and along the stems they are lanceolate.

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False Buck's Beard

Flower: Compact pink or red spike. Flowers have 4 to 5 petals. 3 styles. Fruit: A capsule. Leaves: Fern-like in appearance. Alternate, stalked compound leaves with small oval, pointed leaflets. Leaflets have serrated margins.

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Buddleia

Flower: Dense spikes of purple flowers, sometimes white. Fruit: A small capsule which is about 1cm long and up to 2mm wide. The capsule is filled with many seeds. Leaves: Deciduous shrub with long, narrow, elongated leaves. The leaves are borne together in pairs along its long arching woody stems.

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Viper's Bugloss

Flower: Pink buds which turn into a dense spike of funnel-shaped blue flowers. Downy sepals and 4-5 pink stamens. Fruit: Wrinkled nutlets, mossy in appearance. Leaves: The simple, rough, hairy, entire leaves are long and narrow with a prominent midrib. 1 alternate leaf per node.

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Lesser Burdock

Flower: Oval spiky flower heads. A feature worth noting when distinguishing between Greater Burdock and Lesser Burdock is the flower stalks. For Lesser Burdock, the flower stalks are very short, up to 1cm, bu... Fruit: Clusters of round, prickly fruit called 'burs'. The prickles of the burs have small hooks at their ends. The hooks can cause the fruit to stick to clothing and animal fur very easily while brushing pa... Leaves: The alternate stem leaves are large, broad, triangular with wavy edges. The even larger basal rosette leaves can be anything up to 20 inches long. Greater Burdock has solid lower leaf stalks, yet Less...

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Salad Burnet

Flower: Oval burgundy-coloured flower heads on long stalks. Fruit: An achene which is a small one seeded dry, ridged nut. Leaves: Pinnate, having up to 12 pairs of toothed leaflets.

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Creeping Buttercup

Flower: 5 glossy yellow petals on furrowed stalks, up to 3cm wide and with spreading sepals. Fruit: A cluster of achenes, no larger than half a centimetre across. Leaves: Dark green and triangular-shaped with 3 deeply cut lobes, the end lobe being long-stalked.

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Meadow Buttercup

Flower: 5 glossy yellow petals on furrowed stalks, up to 2.5cm wide and with spreading sepals. Fruit: A cluster of achenes, no larger than half a centimetre across. Leaves: The palmate leaves are variable but have 3 to 7 deeply cut lobes. The end lobe is unstalked.

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